External piles can be diagnosed just by physical inspection by the doctor. To diagnose internal hemorrhoids, a digital examination is performed in which the doctor inserts his finger through the anal opening to check for abnormalities. A sigmoidoscope, proctoscope or anoscope can also be used to get images of the internal organs.
There are 2 types of Piles Surgery:
Hemorrhoidectomy is the surgical procedure to remove hemorrhoids or piles. It is the most effective treatment in which incisions are made around the tissue close to the hemorrhoid. Bleeding is prevented by tying the affected vein and the hemorrhoid is removed.
Hemorrhoidoplexy, also called Hemorrhoid stapling is the procedure in which an incision is not required to be made. A circular device is used to remove the hemorrhoidal tissue. It is stapled back into the anal canal and the incision is closed. This method is generally used for internal hemorrhoids as it causes less pain and faster recovery for patients. However, it carries a larger risk of rectal prolapse and recurrence of piles.
After the piles surgery, patients may have trouble urinating and hence a catheter may be connected to the bladder. Ice packs should be applied in case of swelling and sitz baths (anal area dipped in warm water) must be taken several times a day for pain relief. Laxatives and high fiber diet foods are recommended by the doctor to prevent constipation. It is essential to maintain hygiene in the anal area. In case of severe pain, certain pain killers may be prescribed.