The symptoms that indicate the requirement of a Craniotomy are:

• Infections
• Abscesses
• Brain cancer
• Cerebral edema
• Bleeding

The diagnostic methods needed to be performed before a Craniotomy are: 

• CT Scan
• MRI

The technique involves either a frameless system by using superficially placed markers or landmarks on the scalp or by using a frame placed onto the skull.

Scans of the brain hence made by the computers and the localizing frame provides a 3-D image of the specific area or tissue. It helps in distinguishing healthy tissue & abnormal tissue. 

The risks involved in a Craniotomy surgery are:

• Seizures
• Allergic reaction
• Injury to sinuses
• Injury to facial muscles
• Injury from the head pin frame
• Bleeding
• Swelling
• Stroke
• Brain damage

After a Craniotomy, it is essential to keep in mind the following:

• The incision usually takes 3-4 weeks to heal
• There may be some pain in the incision area which can be relieved by taking pain medications
• Driving should be avoided until allowed by the doctor