The signs and symptoms that indicate the necessity of a Liver Transplant are- 

• Fever
• Diarrhea
• Jaundice
• Abdominal Pain
• Pale stools 
• Dark urine
• Itching

Liver failure and Liver diseases can be diagnosed by blood tests, liver tests and kidney function tests. Urine, Sputum, Bile and Blood samples are also checked for virus, bacteria and various other diseases. Pre transplant tests are carried out to assess the severity of the requirement of a Liver Transplant. CT Scan and Ultrasound of the liver is carried out to determine the size of the liver and detect tumors and other abnormalities.

There are several types of treatments for this on the basis of the donor available such as: 

• Orthotopic Transplant is the most common type of liver transplant in which the whole liver is taken from a person who has recently died but has an uninjured liver.
• Living Donor Transplant is when a close relative donates a part of his liver to the recipient. If the patient is an adult, the right lobe is donated whereas, in case of children, the left lobe is donated due to its smaller size. The donor’s liver regenerates from the remaining part of the liver within 2-3 months.  
• Split Donation is when a recently deceased person donates a part of his liver to an adult and another to a child, usually right and left lobes respectively. 

Liver Transplantation involves several risks and complications. The donor liver may be rejected by the body as the immune system of the body detects it as foreign. There are possibilities of some infections and diseases to occur again post transplantation, especially jaundice. Bleeding and swelling may also occur. There are chances of leakage of bile ducts and blocked blood vessels to the liver. The donor liver may not function properly for some time after surgery. Hence, it is essential to take the proper follow up medication to decrease the chances of such kind of diseases.

In the case of liver transplant, post the surgery the patient is in the recovery room for at least one week and the blood pressure, oxygen level and breathing rate is regularly monitored. The patient cannot eat solid food during this period. Blood samples are taken regularly and the functioning of all body systems is checked thoroughly. Immunosuppressant medicines are taken in order to prevent organ rejection. It takes several months to recover completely; however after that time period, the patient can live a normal, healthy life.   

• Jaundice
• Fever
• Dark urine
• Fatigue
• Swollen belly
• Upset stomach