Cardiothoracic surgery is concerned with the surgical treatment of organs inside the thorax and above the abdomen. It generally involves the treatment of conditions of the heart, esophagus, and lungs. The surgeon who follows this field of medicine is called the cardiothoracic surgeon.
Cardiothoracic surgeons operate on conditions that occur in the organs inside the chest and in the bony structures that form the chest cavity. As well as performing surgery, they are involved in the treatment and management of the many different diseases within their specialties, such as lung cancer, tumor, and cysts, collapsed or infected lungs, and chest-wall deformities.
Cardiovascular surgery focuses on the heart and great vessels while general thoracic surgery treats diseases of the lungs, esophagus, mediastinum, and chest walls. Cardiothoracic surgeons operate on the organs in the thorax which are heart, lungs, esophagus and great vessels.
The major subspecialties of cardiothoracic are cardiac, thoracic and congenital.
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