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MR Guided Focussed Ultrasound - MRgFUS
MRgFUS refers to magnetic resonance guided focused ultra sound. It is a non invasive technique used in the treatment of symptomatic uterine fibroids and benign or malignant tumors. This technique involves the use of focused ultrasound energy to heat the fibroids until the tumor is ablated. This is done by focusing on a small target area and raising the temperature high enough to destroy the target without damaging the surrounding tissue. The treatment is guided and controlled with the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The patient lies in the MRI scanner and the tumor is located with the help of the images provided by the machine.
MRgFUS can be used in the treatment of the following conditions:
- Bone metastasis- refers to the spread of cancer to the bone. It is often characterized by pain with tumors in the ribs, shoulders, pelvis, sacrum etc. to use MRgFUS as treatment, the tumors must be visible on an MRI and accessible to the ultrasound beam
- Fibroids- are benign tumors in the uterus and can present with symptoms like intense pain, heavy menstrual bleeding, abnormal bleeding, pain during sex etc.
- Osteoid osteoma- benign bone tumors in children and adults, mostly originating in the long bones like the femur (thighbone)
- Essential tremor- a chronic neurological condition that causes involuntary tremors in parts of the body like the hands and arms and sometimes the head or legs
The need for an MRgFUS can be confirmed through the following diagnostic conditions:
- Medical history and physical examination
- X-rays
- MRI and CT scans
- Ultrasound
The skin over the target area is shaved and prepared for treatment. An intravenous catheter will be placed in the arm to administer fluids and medications during the procedure. The patient is positioned such that the body is in direct contact with the transducer gel pad. Heart and lung function is monitored closely during the procedure. Before the procedure begins, the patient will be given a stop sonication button. If there is any problem or discomfort during the procedure, the patient can press this button to stop the treatment. The patient will then be moved inside the MR device and the entire procedure would be controlled and supervised from an adjacent room. A number of images are then taken in order to plan the treatment. The area to be treated is marked, taking precautions to avoid vulnerable areas. The procedure begins with low sonications, gradually increasing in intensity to reach full strength. Each sonication is about 20-30 seconds long with a cooling period of 40-70 seconds between each sonication. Once the treatment is over, MR images will be taken to gauge results.
- Pain due to the statutory position maintained during the procedure
- Possibility of skin burns
- Blood clots
- Fever
- Bladder or kidney infection due to the catheter used during procedure
The patient is observed in a recovery room for the next 1-2 hours and can usually go home the same day. Follow up visits would be required. If the patient experiences a fever or any other symptoms, an appointment with the doctor would be necessary.
MR Guided Focussed Ultrasound - MRgFUS from one of the best multi-speciality hospital: Medanta The Medicity Gurugram, Sector-38, Gurgaon
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