Angiography

Coronary Angiography is a diagnostic procedure done to determine the blockage in the artery. The procedure involves injecting the dye into the artery. The procedure is a complex one. One needs to take care proper precautions pre and post the procedure.

Many people suffer from heart diseases. There are many procedures for the same. Coronary Angiography is one such treatment. Coronary Angiography is a procedure that uses dyes and the X rays to see how blood flows through the arteries. The images resulting from the procedures are known as angiograms and arteriograms.

Know More About Surgery
Coronary Angiography is used to diagnose the heart disease. It may also help in future treatments and will also help in carrying out certain procedure. After following procedures, coronary angiography is performed :
 
Post Heart Attack – It may be used after the heart attack where the supply of blood is blocked.
Diagnosis of Angina – Angina is a condition of chest pain that is caused by restricted blood supply.
Surgical Procedure – It is also used in coronary angioplasty. In this procedure, the blocked blood vessels are widened.
During Aortic Stenosis
People suffering from chest pain when all other tests are normal.
If you have an abnormal heart stress test

 

The test is performed in conjunction with cardiac catheterization. It helps to determine the pressure in the heart chambers. Following steps are involved in the procedure :
 
1. In the procedure, an area or groin is cleaned and anesthesia will be given to that part resulting in numbness of the part.
2. The cardiologist will then pass a tube called catheter, which is hollow, through the artery and will move it up into the heart.
3. X-ray will help the cardiologist to position the catheter.
4. Once the catheter reaches the place, the dye will be injected to the catheter. The dye after injunction will give a warm sensation.
5. X-ray images are then taken continuously to detect how the dye is moving through the arteries.
6. This is done because the dye will highlight any blockages in the arteries.
7. The procedure might take up to 30 to 60 minutes.
8. After the test is over, the catheter is removed.
9. The firm pressure is applied at the point of insertion to prevent the bleeding.
The risks involved with the procedure are :
 
Injury in the artery
Low Blood Pressure
Irregular heartbeat
Stroke
Allergic reactions due to the use of dye
After the procedure, the doctor may even advise you to lie on flat on the back for few hours to prevent excessive bleeding.
 
You will be allowed to leave the hospital the following day after the surgery.
You may feel a little bit tired after the procedure.
Take care of the wound because any bruise on the wound may take several days to heal.
Avoid lifting heavy weights for a week
Avoid doing several activities like driving and bathing.

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Angiography

Coronary Angiography is a diagnostic procedure done to determine the blockage in the artery. The procedure involves injecting the dye into the artery. The procedure is a complex one. One needs to take care proper precautions pre and post the procedure.

Many people suffer from heart diseases. There are many procedures for the same. Coronary Angiography is one such treatment. Coronary Angiography is a procedure that uses dyes and the X rays to see how blood flows through the arteries. The images resulting from the procedures are known as angiograms and arteriograms.

Symptoms

Coronary Angiography is used to diagnose the heart disease. It may also help in future treatments and will also help in carrying out certain procedure. After following procedures, coronary angiography is performed :
 
Post Heart Attack – It may be used after the heart attack where the supply of blood is blocked.
Diagnosis of Angina – Angina is a condition of chest pain that is caused by restricted blood supply.
Surgical Procedure – It is also used in coronary angioplasty. In this procedure, the blocked blood vessels are widened.
During Aortic Stenosis
People suffering from chest pain when all other tests are normal.
If you have an abnormal heart stress test

 

Diagnosis

The test is performed in conjunction with cardiac catheterization. It helps to determine the pressure in the heart chambers. Following steps are involved in the procedure :
 
1. In the procedure, an area or groin is cleaned and anesthesia will be given to that part resulting in numbness of the part.
2. The cardiologist will then pass a tube called catheter, which is hollow, through the artery and will move it up into the heart.
3. X-ray will help the cardiologist to position the catheter.
4. Once the catheter reaches the place, the dye will be injected to the catheter. The dye after injunction will give a warm sensation.
5. X-ray images are then taken continuously to detect how the dye is moving through the arteries.
6. This is done because the dye will highlight any blockages in the arteries.
7. The procedure might take up to 30 to 60 minutes.
8. After the test is over, the catheter is removed.
9. The firm pressure is applied at the point of insertion to prevent the bleeding.

Risks

The risks involved with the procedure are :
 
Injury in the artery
Low Blood Pressure
Irregular heartbeat
Stroke
Allergic reactions due to the use of dye

After Procedure

After the procedure, the doctor may even advise you to lie on flat on the back for few hours to prevent excessive bleeding.
 
You will be allowed to leave the hospital the following day after the surgery.
You may feel a little bit tired after the procedure.
Take care of the wound because any bruise on the wound may take several days to heal.
Avoid lifting heavy weights for a week
Avoid doing several activities like driving and bathing.

FAQ Section

1) What is angiography?

Coronary angiography is a noninvasive test that uses X-rays in the form of computed tomography to diagnose coronary artery disease. Angiography provides high-resolution images of the blood vessels supplying the heart, allowing identification of narrowing or blockages caused by plaque.

2) What is the difference between angiography and angioplasty?

Angiography is a procedure that allows physicians to look at blood vessels in great detail using X-rays. If the physicians identify a narrowed portion (a condition called stenosis) of a blood vessel during the angiography procedure, they may stretch or widen it straightaway using a procedure called an angioplasty.So, An angiogram is a test that is used to find out which arteries supplying the heart have become narrowed and angioplasty is a procedure to expand narrow arteries that may follow on from an angiogram.

3) Who should consider a Coronary angiography?

Patients who should consider a coronary angiography include those with:

  • Shortness of breath, chest pain or other symptoms of coronary artery disease
  • Unclear or inconclusive stress test results
  • A strong family history of early heart disease
  • Multiple other risk factors for coronary artery disease (hypertension, cholesterol abnormality, diabetes, smoking.

4) Is angiography a painful procedure?

Like any blood-related procedure, an angiogram involves the use of needles and some poking and prodding, but any discomfort from the procedure is usually minor.

5) What are the benefits of Coronary angiography?

  • Provides high-definition 3-D images of the arteries supplying the heart and blockages at the earliest stages when they can be treated most effectively.
  • Most accurate noninvasive diagnostic test for coronary artery disease.
  • Measures both calcified and noncalcified plaques, and noncalcified plaques are more prone to rupture and cause heart attacks than 4.calcified plaques. By assessing both types of plaque, coronary angiography analyzes your risk for a heart attack.
  • Monitor the effectiveness of therapy since noncalcified plaques may shrink with effective treatment.

6) What dye is used for an angiogram?

Contrast dye is used for an angiogram. It allows doctors to see the exact site of blocked blood vessels and also to see certain problems with organs more clearly.

7) How Is Coronary Angiogram performed?

The Coronary CTA is performed in the Cardiac Catheterisation Laboratory (the Cath Lab) which is very similar to an operating theatre but with a special x-ray machine, and the staff in the Cath Lab are usually nurses and technologists. The procedure is usually done under local anesthesia. It is a bit painful when the anesthetic goes in but the pain usually doesn't last long. If it really hurts, then you should let that know to your doctor. You may be given some sedating medicine through the intravenous cannula to make you feel more relaxed. There will be one or two small cuts in the skin in the groin, about 3 millimeters long, and usually, the right groin is used. Tubes will be placed in the artery or vein in the groin. An x-ray, which is mounted above you and will move around to take pictures from different angles, is used to guide the catheters to the right place. A dye is then injected to show up the arteries on the x-ray, and you may be asked to take a deep breath and stop breathing just when the x-ray films are being taken.

8) How long does the procedure take?

An angiogram typically takes from forty-five minutes to one hour. You will lie on a table, awake but mildly sedated, with a local anesthetic will be applied to numb an area on your upper leg or on your arm or wrist, and this initial needle prick will probably be the only pain you will feel throughout the procedure.

9) What are the risks?

As with most procedures done on the heart and blood vessels, a coronary angiogram has some risks, such as radiation exposure from the X-rays used. Though major complications are rare, potential risks and complications include:

  • Heart attack
  • Stroke
  • Injury to the catheterized artery
  • Irregular heart rhythms (arrhythmias)
  • Allergic reactions to the dye or to the other medications used during the procedure
  • Kidney damage
  • Excessive bleeding
  • Infection

10) What happens after the angiogram?

In some patients, a special plug called Angioseal is inserted at the end of the angiogram to seal the artery and stop bleeding. If this is used you the patients are able to sit up immediately and get out of bed in two hours. If this cannot be used they are moved out of the Cath Lab and the sheath is removed from their groin. Pressure is applied for 10-15 minutes to stop bleeding from the artery or vein, and after they are returned to the ward, they are made to stay lying flat for 4 hours and in bed for 6 hours.

11) How much does an angiogram cost in India?

The cost of Angiogram in India varies across different cities and hospitals.

Cost of Angiogram in India
CITY COST
Cost of Angiogram in Mumbai       INR 15000- INR 25000
Cost of Angiogram in Bangalore INR 14000- INR 24000
Cost of Angiogram in Delhi INR 14000- INR 24000
Cost of Angiogram in Chennai INR 12000- INR 22000