Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) or transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is a minimally-invasive heart procedure performed to repair a damaged aortic valve.
The aortic valve is one of the four heart valves that is located between the lower-left heart chamber, known as the left ventricle, and the main artery of the heart, known as the aorta.
Aortic valve stenosis is a condition that occurs when the aortic valve of the heart thickens and calcifies (becomes stiff) causing the valve to not open fully and leading to a reduced blood flow to the body.
Purpose:
Symptoms:
The following symptoms are associated with aortic valve stenosis, which may indicate the need for a TAVI procedure:
The following diagnostic tests may be performed before a TAVI procedure:
The following risks are associated with a TAVI procedure:
Visit your doctor immediately if you have any of the following symptoms after the procedure:
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Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) or transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is a minimally-invasive heart procedure performed to repair a damaged aortic valve.
The aortic valve is one of the four heart valves that is located between the lower-left heart chamber, known as the left ventricle, and the main artery of the heart, known as the aorta.
Aortic valve stenosis is a condition that occurs when the aortic valve of the heart thickens and calcifies (becomes stiff) causing the valve to not open fully and leading to a reduced blood flow to the body.
TAVI procedure helps in the restoration of blood flow and reducing the symptoms of aortic stenosis.
Purpose:
Symptoms:
The following symptoms are associated with aortic valve stenosis, which may indicate the need for a TAVI procedure:
The following diagnostic tests may be performed before a TAVI procedure:
The following risks are associated with a TAVI procedure:
Visit your doctor immediately if you have any of the following symptoms after the procedure:
The aortic valve controls blood flow between the left ventricle and the aorta which is the vessel that delivers oxygen-rich blood to the body. The two main problems that can occur with the aortic valve are it can become hardened and narrowed, or it can leak. The most common problem faced by the elderly is called age-related calcific degeneration in which the gradual buildup of calcium causes the valve to narrow. In patients who are at high risk of complications in open-heart or minimally invasive valve replacement surgery, the aortic valve can be replaced by transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).
In TAVI, a biological valve made up of big or cow heart tissue is mounted inside a stent which is a circular wire mesh. The stent is then compressed so that it can fit inside a small delivery sheath or tube. The TAVI valve is then delivered to the aortic valve where the stent is expanded, and the biological valve inside begins to work. Unlike valve replacement through surgery, the calcified leaflets of the patient’s diseased aortic valve are not removed, instead, they are pushed to the side on the expansion stent where they help to lock the stent in place.
The rate of recovery after a Tavi operation varies from patient to patient, but most people take about 6 to 10 weeks to feel fully recovered.
The cost of TAVI procedure in India varies across different cities and hospitals.
CITY | COST |
Cost of TAVI procedure in Mumbai | INR 1900000- INR 2500000 |
Cost of TAVI procedure in Bangalore | INR 1870000- INR 2480000 |
Cost of TAVI procedure in Delhi | INR 1870000- INR 2480000 |
Cost of TAVI procedure in Chennai | INR 1850000- INR 2460000 |
There is no difference between Tavr and Tavi. Tavr stands for transcatheter aortic valve replacement while Tavi stands for transcatheter aortic valve implantation. They both are the different name of the same procedure.
The researchers found that the procedure had a 95.7 percent success rate in attempted Tavi, with thirty-day mortality rate being as low as 4 percent and stroke rate was noted to be 1.6 percent. After one-year 76 percent of patients completed their follow-up, and at one-year, the mortality rate was 17.5 percent and stroke rate was 3.5 percent.
Although TAVI has a high success rate with few surgical complications, like all other medical procedures, it comes with its own risks, and these risks can come in the form of complications that include vascular injuries, bleeding, atrioventricular conduction system injuries, stroke, AKI, and aortic regurgitation. Also, If an incorrect valve size for the patient's anatomy is used, it may lead to heart injury, valve leakage, or dislodgement.
The transcatheter valve implantation (TAVI) procedure takes 45 to 60 minutes, but going into the operating theater, having the procedure performed and leaving the theater takes two to three hours.
Tavi is a less invasive procedure that is designed to replace a diseased aortic valve and is not considered major surgery.
TAVI valve is an artificial valve made of natural animal heart tissue which usually comes from a cow or a pig.
Although mechanical valves are expected to last the life of the patient, the valves made of animal tissue are estimated to last 10 to 15 years or more. Tavi valve is also made of animal tissues, yet currently, there are only preliminary data to show that TAVR valves may last at least five years without showing any signs of early degeneration.
Aortic valve is one of the four heart valves that is located between the left ventricle (lower left heart chamber) and the aorta (the main artery of the heart).
The aortic valve helps in the proper unidirectional flow of blood from the heart to the rest of the body.
The narrowing of the valve in the aorta is known as aortic stenosis or aortic valve stenosis. The narrowing prevents the valve from opening fully and causes reduced blood flow to the rest of the body.
TAVI procedure is done for treating aortic valve stenosis and is recommended in the following cases:
The following symptoms are seen in aortic valve stenosis, and may indicate a need for TAVI procedure:
The following diagnostic tests may be performed before a TAVI procedure:
The following preparation may be needed for a TAVI procedure:
The following are the post-procedure steps following a TAVI procedure:
Visit your doctor immediately if you have any of the following symptoms after the procedure:
The following complications may be associated with a TAVI procedure: