Total knee replacement is a surgical procedure in which the diseased knee joint is replaced with an artificial prosthesis.
The knee joint is a type of hinge joint formed at the junction of the femur (thigh bone) and tibia (large bone of the lower leg).
Total knee replacement involves the replacement of all the three components of the knee joint, that is, the medial or inside portion of the knee, the lateral or outside portion of the knee, and the patellofemoral part or the part underneath the kneecap.
The prosthesis used to replace the knee joint parts is usually made up of metal or plastic.
The following symptoms could indicate the requirement for a total knee replacement surgery:
The following diagnostic tests may be done before a total knee replacement surgery:
Total knee replacement surgery is generally performed under general anesthesia (the patient is put to sleep during the procedure).
The procedure may be performed in the following different ways:
1. Open surgery:
2. Laparoscopic surgery:
3. Robot-assisted surgery:
Total knee replacement surgery may have the following complications:
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Total knee replacement is a surgical procedure in which the diseased knee joint is replaced with an artificial prosthesis.
The knee joint is a type of hinge joint formed at the junction of the femur (thigh bone) and tibia (large bone of the lower leg).
Total knee replacement involves the replacement of all the three components of the knee joint, that is, the medial or inside portion of the knee, the lateral or outside portion of the knee, and the patellofemoral part or the part underneath the kneecap.
The prosthesis used to replace the knee joint parts is usually made up of metal or plastic.
Purpose:
Total knee replacement surgery is generally done in the following cases:
The following symptoms could indicate the requirement for a total knee replacement surgery:
The following diagnostic tests may be done before a total knee replacement surgery:
Total knee replacement surgery is generally performed under general anesthesia (the patient is put to sleep during the procedure).
The procedure may be performed in the following different ways:
1. Open surgery:
2. Laparoscopic surgery:
3. Robot-assisted surgery:
Total knee replacement surgery may have the following complications:
A. A surgical procedure involving the replacement of a diseased or damaged knee joint with an artificial prosthesis is known as total knee replacement.
A. Total knee replacement involves the replacement of all three components of the knee joint, which are:
A. The knee joint is a kind of hinge joint. It is formed at the junction of the femur (thigh bone) and tibia (shin bone).
A. A total knee replacement surgery may be recommended in the following cases:
A. A patient having the following symptoms may need a total knee replacement surgery:
A. An Orthopedic Surgeon usually performs a total knee replacement surgery.
A. The doctor may recommend the following diagnostic tests before a total knee replacement surgery:
A. The following preparation is required before a total knee replacement surgery:
A. Total knee replacement surgery is generally performed under general anesthesia (the patient is put to sleep during the procedure).
The procedure may be performed in the following different ways:
1. Open surgery:
An incision or cut is made by the surgeon at the knee region.
The damaged cartilage surfaces present at the end of the femur and tibia are removed along with a small part of the underlying bone.
The removed cartilage and bone are now replaced using metal components that recreate the joint surface.
These metal parts can either be cemented or press-fitted into the bone.
The undersurface of the patella (kneecap) is now cut and resurfaced with a plastic button. However, in some cases, the doctor may not resurface the patella.
A plastic spacer is inserted between the metal components. This creates a smooth gliding surface.
The incision is closed using sutures or stitches.
2. Laparoscopic surgery:
The surgeon makes several small keyhole incisions at the surgical site.
A tube with a camera on one end, known as a laparoscope, and other small surgical instruments are inserted through these tiny incisions to carry out the procedure of total knee replacement.
The procedure is less painful, has quicker healing, and has fewer complications than open surgery.
3. Robot-assisted surgery:
The procedure is performed using a laparoscopic approach.
The procedure is performed by robotic arms that are controlled by the surgeon who views the inside of the surgical site through a video monitor.
The procedure is more precise than an open or laparoscopic technique.
A. The following are the post-procedure steps after total knee replacement surgery:
A. The following complications may be seen after a total knee replacement surgery:
A. The cost of total knee replacement surgery varies depending on the type of procedure performed and the overall health condition of the patient.
The cost of total knee replacement surgery is different among different doctors in different hospitals. Usually, the cost of total knee replacement surgery in India is between INR 1,50,000 to INR 5,00,000.