Intrauterine insemination (IUI) is a treatment for infertility which involves placing sperm inside the uterus artificially to increase the chances of fertilization. It is used mainly in case of oligospermia (decreased sperm count) and asthenozoospermia (low sperm mobility). The sperm has a greater prospect of reaching the egg in the fallopian tube as they are given a head start by being inserted into the uterus directly.
This method is better than In Vitro Fertilization and other Assisted Reproductive Technology methods as it is cheaper. Intra-Uterine Insemination is also less invasive than other methods because fertilization occurs naturally in the body.
Infertility problems in males can be diagnosed by fertility examinations, semen analysis and general hormone tests.
Infertility problems in females can be diagnosed by ultrasounds, hysterosalpingography and ovulation tests.
Fertility drugs are given to the woman in order to stimulate the production of eggs before the insertion of sperm. An ovulation detection kit is used to determine whether ovulation has happened by checking the surge in LH. After ovulation has happened, the man’s sperm is collected and concentrated. A catheter is used to insert the sperm into the uterus through the vagina. After two weeks of insemination, a pregnancy test is done to check if fertilization has successfully happened through IUI.
The success of Intra-Uterine Insemination depends on various factors. There are chances of pregnancies with multiples- twins, triplets or more, in case fertility medications are taken by the woman to stimulate ovulation. There are possibilities of infection and slight vaginal bleeding after the IUI.
The patient must take rest after an IUI and should avoid engaging in strenuous exercises for several days after the procedure.
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